![]() ![]() Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. įunding: This study was supported, in part, by the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases Cooperative Agreement number 5 NU50CK000410-03 from the U.S. Limited, de-identified human surveillance data are publicly available via the California Health and Human Services Open Data Portal. ![]() This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: Mosquito, chicken, and dead wild bird surveillance data can be requested for specific research purposes by submitting a request with details of the proposed project via CalSurv. Received: MaAccepted: SeptemPublished: November 18, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Snyder et al. Christofferson, Louisiana State University, UNITED STATES PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14(11):Įditor: Rebecca C. (2020) West Nile virus in California, 2003–2018: A persistent threat. Almost 95% of all WNV activity in California occurred in the Central Valley and southern California between April and November.Ĭitation: Snyder RE, Feiszli T, Foss L, Messenger S, Fang Y, Barker CM, et al. We found that WNV enzootic and human activity varied geographically and in intensity from year-to-year. This article summarizes sixteen years of human, mosquito, chicken, equine, and dead wild bird surveillance for WNV in California, the most comprehensive description of WNV surveillance data to date. The California Department of Public Health works with partners throughout the state to conduct robust surveillance of WNV infections in mosquitoes, dead birds, and sentinel chickens, using these data to direct vector control activity and reduce the risk of WNV transmission to people. California has reported approximately 15% of all human WNV infections since the virus was first reported in the state in 2003. It is now the most commonly reported disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes in the United States. West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in the United States in 1999, and subsequently spread throughout the country. Local and state public health partners must continue statewide human and mosquito surveillance and facilitate effective mosquito control and bite prevention measures. WNV continues to be a major threat to public and wild avian health in California, particularly in southern California and the Central Valley during summer and early fall months. Less than five percent of WNV activity occurred in other regions of the state or outside of this time. Peak WNV activity occurred from July through October in the Central Valley and southern California. Annual enzootic detection of WNV typically preceded detection in humans and prompted enhanced intervention to reduce the risk of WNV transmission. Additionally, 1,299 equine WNV cases were identified, along with detections of WNV in 23,322 dead birds, 31,695 mosquito pools, and 7,340 sentinel chickens. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during this time, more than any other state. California’s WNV disease burden comprised 15% of all cases that were reported to the U.S. Of these, 4,073 (59.0%) were reported as West Nile neuroinvasive disease. From 2003 through 2018, 6,909 human cases of WNV disease, inclusive of 326 deaths, were reported to CDPH, as well as 730 asymptomatic WNV infections identified during screening of blood and organ donors. This manuscript summarizes WNV surveillance data in California since WNV was first detected in 2003 in southern California. This comprehensive statewide program is a function of strong partnerships among the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), the University of California, and local vector control and public health agencies. The California Arbovirus Surveillance Program was initiated over 50 years ago to track endemic encephalitides and was enhanced in 2000 to include West Nile virus (WNV) infections in humans, mosquitoes, sentinel chickens, dead birds and horses. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |